DC motors are used due to easy speed control and suitable dynamic characteristics, but they have lower performance and energy efficiency, require more maintenance, and are more expensive.

Advantages of DC motors:

•         technically mature

•         simply controlled

•         cost-effective

Disadvantages of DC motors:

•         commutator and brushes are prone to failure and must be maintained

•         the maximum peripheral speed is limited by the rotation frequency to approx. 7000 min-1

lower efficiency and power density compared to AC motors To regulate all previous types of electric motors, electronic regulation of the power supply to the motor winding using silicon thyristors with a rectangular voltage curve is used. The desired mean current value is set by changing the frequency and amplitude. An increase in field excitation is sufficient for braking within the range of field regulation. As a result, the motor voltage rises above the battery voltage, allowing energy to be fed back into the battery via diodes.