M2 Hydrogen vehicles with fuel cells
Topic outline
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Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them.
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Objectives:
In this chapter, we will briefly look at ways of producing hydrogen from fossil fuels, or by electrolysis of water using electricity obtained, for example, from renewable energy sources.
Hydrogen production, fossil fuel, steam reforming, partial oxidation, electrolysis, alternative sources
You can learn more about hydrogen production in another module, but for the purpose of a general overview in this section, we mention it here as well.
One of the alternatives for replacing hydrocarbon fuels is the use of hydrogen, which is a substance that hardly occurs on its own in nature and therefore needs to be produced.
One possible way of obtaining it is from fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas, and coal, but this is contrary to the reduction of the production of these fuels.
The second possible way is to use electrolysis of water, which requires a significant amount of electrical energy that must be generated in some way, such as in conventional power plants, which, however, consume fossil fuels.
Hydrogen production can be divided into:
- production of hydrogen from fossil fuels
- production of hydrogen by electrolysis
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1. Why is it necessary to produce hydrogen in order to use it as an energy source?
2. Why is hydrogen needed for energy production?
3. What is the advantage of steam reforming of natural gas?
4. What is the feedstock in partial oxidation of hydrocarbon?
5. What is the disadvantage of partial oxidation of hydrocarbon?
6. What is the disadvantage of producing hydrogen by coal gasification?
7. What is the process of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water?
8. What is fermentation?
9. What substrates are used to produce hydrogen from biomass?
10. Electrolysis of water can also be done using electricity generated from renewable sources. List some. Which of these sources is the most promising?
11. What are the new variants of water decomposition?
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Objectives:
The objective of this chapter is to understand the principle of power generation using a fuel cell and to learn about its different types.
Keywords:
fuel cell, oxidizing agent, hydrogen, membrane, solid oxides
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- What are the advantages of battery-powered vehicles compared to internal combustion engine vehicles?
- Who built the first working fuel cell prototype?
- What is the waste product of a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell?
- What is one of the biggest disadvantages of electric powered vehicles?
- What is a fuel cell?
- What does a fuel cell consist of?
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Objectives:
In this section, we will learn about the different types of electric motors for hydrogen vehicles, their design, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.
Keywords:
stator, rotor, commutator, excitation winding, permanent magnet, torque characteristics, synchronous, asynchronous, reluctance motor
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1. What parts does a DC motor consist of?
2. How do we classify DC motors according to excitation winding connection?
3. What are the advantages of DC motors?
4. What are the disadvantages of DC motors?
5. What does the term asynchronous mean?
6. What does the term synchronous mean?
7. How can the rotor of asynchronous motors be made?
8. What are the advantageous features of an asynchronous motor over DC motors?
9. How can the rotor of synchronous motors be made?
10. What is a reluctance motor?
11. What are the advantages of reluctance motors?
12. What are the advantages of brushless motors?
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Objectives:
This chapter is for informational use only to compare the technical parameters of different types of hydrogen powered vehicles.
Keywords:
refueling, range, performance
Why use hydrogen powered vehicles instead of just using electric powered ones?
Big advantage of hydrogen power over pure electric power is in significantly shorter refueling time.
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