M1 Hydrogen filling stations
Topic outline
-
-
Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can be held responsible for them.
-
-
-
hydrogen, history, passenger and freight transport, filling stations, electric vehicle, infrastructure, refuelling, fuel cell, Iceland, emissions, environment, ecology
-
-
1) Where and when was the world's 1st hydrogen filling station opened? [Reykjavik, 2003]
2) Which country had the largest number of refuelling stations in the world in 2021? [Japan; 154]
3) Name at least two passenger car manufacturers that mass produce hydrogen powered vehicles. [Hyundai, Toyota, Honda]
-
-
Legislation, standard, ISO, IEC, SAE, HFS, hydrogen quality, communication, filling connection, nomenclature, standardization, validity, safety, filling process, protocol
-
1) What are the main international organizations that issue technical standards? (ISO, IEC, SAE)
2) EN ISO 17268 - Hydrogen gas filling connections for land vehicles is intended for equipment operating up to what nominal working pressure? (70 MPa)
3) What is the minimum pure hydrogen content for fuel cells? (99,97 %)
-
-
-
Hydrogen, distribution, cylinders, cylinder bundles, filling, production, transport, storage, industrial gases, safety
-
1) Can you name at least three types of hydrogen transport? (Transportation by pipeline; Transportation of compressed hydrogen by road or rail, Transportation of liquefied hydrogen by road or rail, Transportation of hydrogen by pipeline in a mixture with natural gas)
2) Why is it necessary to build filling stations in urban areas or near roads? (because of easy accessibility)
3) What are the risks of handling industrial gases? (explosion risk, fire risk, toxic risks)
-
-
-
1) What materials are most commonly used for compressed hydrogen storage tanks (steel or composite materials)?
2) What is the purpose of the compressor in a hydrogen filling station? (compresses the hydrogen from the tank to a high pressure, which will then be fed into the vehicle)
3) List at least four functions that must be ensured by the filling station (sufficiently fast gas flow, safe disconnection and depressurization, communication between the dispensing device and the filled vehicle, no confusion of filling pressures)
-
-
Safety, hydrogen, gas detection, inspection, maintenance, certification, qualification, safe distance, occupant protection, risks, explosion, leakage.
-
1) Who is allowed to operate a hydrogen filling station? (Persons over 18 years of age, medically fit, proven to be trained, familiar with local operating rules, trained in emergency drills and tested to operate a hydrogen filling station
2) At what intervals are the hydrogen filling station inspected? (6 months, 1 year, 3 years)
3) What tasks are performed at the 1 year inspection? List at least four. (Check gas equipment, check pressure relief devices for clearance and adjustment, test hydrogen quality, check compactness and marking of fire seals, check hydrogen mass flow meter, operational inspection of electrical equipment in hazardous area.
-
-
-
Technical conditions, hydrogen source, hydrogen filling station, storage, mobility, stationary station, internal transport, passenger cars, buses, trains, aircraft, compressed gaseous hydrogen, liquefied hydrogen, economics, refrigeration, availability, public
-
1) What are the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen filling stations built on-site? (Advantages: eliminates the cost of filling hydrogen into transport containers and transporting it from the point of production to the point of filling; disadvantages: less accessible to the public, more suitable for local distribution)
2) What is the main disadvantage of hydrogen filling stations for liquid hydrogen? (energy and technical complexity, for liquefied hydrogen it has to be maintained at temperatures below -258°C.)
3) What is currently the most common type of hydrogen filling station? (stationary for compressed hydrogen gas with a filling pressure of 700 bar for passenger vehicles and 350 bar for trucks, without its own hydrogen source).
-
-
-
Future, development, efficiency, use, research, availability, environment, European Union, subsidies, emissions, fuel cells, refuelling stations, independence, hydrogen, ecology, trucks, cars.
-
1) In which mode of transport is hydrogen expected to be the main use? (freight transport and city buses)
2) What are the advantages of hydrogen powered vehicles compared to electric vehicles? (lighter weight, longer range, range independent of outside temperature, faster refuelling)
3) What percentage of new trucks sold in the EU in 2030 should run on hydrogen (17 %)?
-
-
-
The purpose of this text is to familiarize the reader with the basic issues of hydrogen filling stations, their history and operation. The reader should be familiar with the basic legislative issues and technical regulations that affect both the actual design and construction of filling stations and the rules for their operation and maintenance. In the following sections, the reader will become familiar with the types of hydrogen filling stations, their basic characteristics and intended use. The text concludes with an assessment of the future development of hydrogen filling stations as well as the general use of hydrogen as an energy source in transport.
The issue of hydrogen technology is very broad and undergoing dynamic development, so it is not possible to cover all the information related to this issue in one educational text. For a perfect orientation in the issue of hydrogen and its use it is necessary to get acquainted with other modules and to follow the developments in the field of hydrogen technology. In general, hydrogen technologies can be considered very promising, although their widespread deployment will be accompanied by a considerable number of problems and will be costly.
-