INTRODUCTION & KEYWORDS
Hydrogen can be stored in various ways, including as a gas, a liquid, or in a solid form. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the most appropriate method for a particular application will depend on the specific requirements and constraints of that application.
One way to store hydrogen is as a gas, which can be done by pressurizing it in a tank or cylinder. This is a simple and relatively cheap method, but the storage density is relatively low, so a large volume is required to store a significant amount of hydrogen. Additionally, high pressure tanks can be heavy and may require special handling and safety measures.
Another way to store hydrogen is as a liquid, which can be achieved by cooling it to a temperature below its boiling point. Liquid hydrogen has a very high storage density, so it is possible to store a large amount in a relatively small volume. However, the cryogenic temperature of liquid hydrogen (-253°C) requires the use of specialized insulation and thermal management systems, which can be expensive.
Hydrogen can also be stored in a solid form, by adsorbing it onto the surface of a porous material. This method has the advantage of being relatively simple and safe, and it can achieve a high storage density. However, the rate at which hydrogen can be adsorbed and desorbed from the storage material can be slow, which may limit the practical usefulness of this method in some applications.
Other methods of hydrogen storage, such as chemical storage and metal hydride storage, also exist. These methods involve the use of chemical compounds or metals that can reversibly react with hydrogen to form stable compounds, which can then be stored until they are needed. These methods can achieve high storage densities and are relatively safe, but they may be limited by the rate at which hydrogen can be absorbed and released, as well as by the cost and availability of the storage materials.
Keywords
Compressed hydrogen, pressure tank, liquid hydrogen, crygenic storage tanks, underground containers, gas structures, hydrides of hydrogen, metal hydrides